Research on the front and rear angle characteristics of CNC lathe machining tools

For a CNC processing plant , the most direct way to effectively reduce the processing cost of CNC lathes is to effectively use CNC lathes to process different parts of the tool. When choosing CNC CNC machining tools, in addition to considering the selection of tool materials, it is also necessary to understand the role of the front and rear angles of the tool in the machining process.

CNC lathe machining tool front angle

Generally speaking, the front angle has a great impact on cutting force, chip discharge, and tool durability. These factors are as follows:

1. The front angle is large and the cutting edge is sharp;

2. Every time the front angle increases by one degree, the cutting force is reduced by 1%;

3. If the positive front angle is too large, the cutting force will be reduced; if the negative front angle is too large, the cutting force will be increased.

The front angles of CNC lathe processing can be divided into: 1. Large negative front angle; 2. Large positive front angle;

1. Large negative front angles are generally used to cut hard materials; the cutting edge is required to have strong strength to adapt to the processing conditions of intermittent cutting and cutting of black-skin-containing surface layers.

2. The front angle of the Dazheng is generally used for 1) Cutting soft materials, easy-to-cut materials, processing materials and machine tools with poor rigidity.

Let’s talk about the advantages of cutting front angle of CNC tools and the disadvantages of excessive front angle.

1. Advantages of front angle cutting: Because the use of front angle cutting can reduce the resistance encountered during cutting, thereby improving cutting efficiency; the use of front angle cutting can reduce cutting temperature and vibration, improve cutting accuracy; reduce tool loss and extend tool life; Using front angle cutting can reduce tool wear and enhance the reliability of the blade when selecting the correct tool material and cutting angle.

2. Disadvantages of excessive front angle: Since increasing the front angle will reduce the angle and cutting efficiency of the tool into the workpiece, when cutting workpieces with high hardness, if the front angle is too large, the tool will easily wear and even collapse. Knife phenomenon; if the tool material is weak, it is difficult to maintain the reliability of the cutting edge.

CNC lathe machining tool rear angle

Generally speaking, the rear angle reduces the friction between the back of the knife and the workpiece, allowing the knife to freely cut into the workpiece. These factors are as follows:

1. The back angle is large and the back of the knife is less wear-out;

2. The rear angle is larger and the strength of the knife tip is reduced.

The rear angle of CNC machine tools can be divided into: 1. Small rear angle; 2. Large rear angle.

1. Small rear corners are generally used to cut hardness materials, and high cutting strength is required.

2. Large rear corners are generally used to cut soft materials, and hardened materials are easily cut during cutting.

On this basis, the advantages of rear angle cutting and limitations of rear angle cutting of CNC lathe machining tools are introduced.

1. Advantages of rear angle cutting: Large rear angle cutting can reduce wear on the back tool surface. Therefore, when the front angle loss does not increase significantly, using a smaller rear angle cutting can better extend the tool life; generally It is said that when the cutting ductility is good and the material is softer, it is more likely to dissolve. Dissolved junction will increase the rear angle and the workpiece contact surface, increase cutting resistance, and reduce cutting accuracy. Therefore, if you use a larger rear corner to cut this type of material, this phenomenon can be avoided.

2. Limitations of rear angle cutting: When cutting materials with low heat transfer capabilities such as titanium alloys and stainless steel, the front face of the large rear angle cutting is prone to wear and even tool damage. Therefore, when cutting such materials, a large rear angle is not suitable; although using a large rear angle can reduce wear on the back of the tool surface, it will accelerate the deterioration of the blade. Therefore, the depth of the cutting will decrease accordingly, which will affect the cutting accuracy. To achieve this goal, technicians need to adjust the angle of the tool regularly to maintain cutting accuracy; when cutting high-hardness materials, if the rear angle is too large, and resistance is encountered during cutting, the front angle will be subjected to strong compression force. This causes it to become defective or damaged.